#198: Present subjunctive / Congiuntivo presente
The present subjunctive (il congiuntivo presente) is an important mood to learn in Italian. See the charts below on conjugating verbs in the present subjunctive:

As you can see in the chart above, the -are verbs take their endings from the second and third conjugation, while the -ere and -ire verbs take their ending from the first conjugation. Also note the -isc- verbs, which retain the -isc- when conjugated in the present subjunctive.
The tricky part about the subjunctive is the plural forms (noi, voi and loro). The singular forms are always identical. Many irregular verbs in the present indicative (indicativo presente) are also irregular in the present subjunctive, for example, the verb, potere:

Other irregulars for the present subjunctive:
- andare
- dovere
- rimanere
- tenere
- volere
Certain verbs and expressions require the subjunctive — see this post for a list of some common verbs and expressions. If you want a really good grounding in the subjunctive, I recommend that you read Viva il congiuntivo by Valeria della Valle and Giuseppe Patota. This excellent book explains the uses and functions of the subjunctive. While it’s in Italian, it’s not a difficult read and provides a selection of common and useful expressions.




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